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Post by arctozilla on Jul 14, 2022 8:48:01 GMT -5
They're an extinct subfamily of bears. Unlike modern day bears they were hyper-carnivorous digitigrades.  |
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Post by brobear on Jul 14, 2022 8:54:25 GMT -5
Simplified... Hemicyonidae the "Dog Bear" is more closely related to bears. Amphicyonidae the "Bear Dog" is more closely related to dogs.
At least this is the on-going common belief.
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Post by arctozilla on Jul 14, 2022 9:09:16 GMT -5
Hemicyoninae (Ursidae, Carnivora, Mammalia) and the related taxa from Early and Middle Miocene of Western Europe Abstract A new material of Hemicyonids discovered in France, Spain and Portugal allows a new synthesis of the group, with definitions of the genera and relationships with sister-groups. The hemicyonids are shared out in three subfamilies: 1) the Phoberocyoninae enclose the genera Phoberocyon (P. hispanlcus nov. sp. of MN3a, P. dehmi, from MN3a, P. aurelianensis from MN3b, Plithocyon (P. bruneti from MN3a; P. conquense nov. sp. from MN4, P. antunesi nov. sp. from MN, P. armagnacensis from MN5b + 6 + 7/8) and Phoberogale which is known since Upper Oligocene; 2) the Hemicyoninae which enclose Cephalogale geoffroyi, Zaragocyon from MN2, Hemicyon (H. gargan nov. sp. from the MN3a, H. stehlini from MN4b + 5, H. sansaniensis parvus from MN5b, H. sansaniensis sansaniensis from MN6, H. goeriachensis from MN6 + 7 and Dinocyon (D. thenardi); 3) The Ursinae with the genera Ursavus (the one of which we describe the earliest species, U. isorei nov. from MN3a), Ballusia nov. g. (B. elmensis et B. hareni) which yet wears many characters of Hemicyoninae and the ponto-plio-quaternary genera Indarctos, Agriotherium, Ailurarctos, Ailuropoda and Ursus. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0753396998800037 |
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Post by arctozilla on Jul 14, 2022 9:15:06 GMT -5
"The earliest bears had the characteristics of both dogs and bears, with heavy-set features and blunter teeth than those of true dogs." bear.org/bear-evolution/ |
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Post by Gorilla king on Jul 15, 2022 8:55:57 GMT -5
Phoberogale
Phoberogale is an extinct genus of hemicyonine bear, which lived during the Early Miocene, found in France, California, and Pakistan, from 22 to 20 million years ago.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoberogale
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Post by Gorilla king on Jul 15, 2022 9:01:09 GMT -5
First record of immigrant Phoberogale (Mammalia, Ursidae, Carnivora) from Southern California
Abstract and Figures
Première trace de l'immigrant Phoberogale (Mammalia, Ursidae, Carnivora) en Californie du sud. Phoberogale Ginsburg & Morales, 1995 est un genre d'ursidés primitifs créé pour distinguer les espèces hypercarnivores d'un groupe assez hétérogène intégré auparavant dans le genre Cephalogale Jourdan, 1862. La présence de Cephalogale (s.l.) dans les Grandes Plaines des États-Unis a été documentée dès la fin des années 80, souvent à propos de taxons immigrants et de la biochronologie du Néogène, mais aucune description formelle ou illustration des spécimens n'a été publiée. Depuis, un crâne associé à un dentaire gauche a été découvert dans des dépôts continentaux du Miocène inférieur de Californie méridionale. Nous profitons de cette opportunité pour présenter les spécimens de Californie, qui représentent une nouvelle espèce, Phoberogale shareri n. sp. Cette nouvelle espèce appartient à la lignée Phoberogale-Phoberocyon et se distingue des espèces de Cephalogale (s.s.) par une plus grande taille, des prémolaires pré-carnassières moins réduites et une M2 moins allongée. Au sein du genre Phoberogale, P. shareri n. sp. est plus dérivé que les espèces européennes (P. bonali, P. depereti, P ginesticus) comme le montrent sa plus grande taille et une différence de taille plus nette entre p4 et p3. Elle diffère de P. bugtiensis du Pakistan par une encoche moins proéminente entre les bases antérieures du paracône et du protocône de P4, une crête antérieure du paracône de P4 plus distincte et des M1–2 moins élargies médiolatéralement. Phoberogale shareri n. sp. représente la première apparition connue de cette lignée sur la Côte pacifique, ce qui a des implications zoogéographiques et biochronologiques importantes.
www.researchgate.net/publication/232685608_First_record_of_immigrant_Phoberogale_Mammalia_Ursidae_Carnivora_from_Southern_California
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Post by Gorilla king on Jul 17, 2022 11:16:36 GMT -5
Cephalogale
Cephalogale is an extinct genus of hemicyonine bear which lived in the Oligocene and Early Miocene epochs in North America and Europe. It lived from around 28.4—20.0 Mya. Before it was reconsidered to be close to the ancestry of hemicyonines, Cephalogale was once considered to be an ancestor of all bears.[1]
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalogale
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Post by arctozilla on Jul 27, 2022 4:40:13 GMT -5
Ursidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Late Oligocene of the “Phosphorites du Quercy” (France) and a reappraisal of the genus Cephalogale Geoffroy, 1862 Abstract Many karstic fissure fillings from the Quercy (France) constitute fossil bearing localities which give an exceptional open laboratory for the study of evolution of vertebrates and especially mammals from the Eocene to the Early Miocene. A couple of localities from the Late Oligocene (MP 28 = 24.9-24.5 Ma) have yielded, among several taxa, the best sample ever found of a hemicyonine ursid. This sample corresponds to a new species and allows a reappraisal of several other species belonging to lineages attributed to a new tribe (Cephalogalini n. tr.). The latter occupied in Europe along the Oligocene and the lower Miocene some canid-like ecological niches. This tribe was replaced at the end of the Lower Miocene by the Hemicyonini, another tribe of Hemicyoninae (Ursidae). bioone.org/journals/geodiversitas/volume-35/issue-4/g2013n4a4/Ursidae-Mammalia-Carnivora-from-the-Late-Oligocene-of-the-Phosphorites/10.5252/g2013n4a4.short |
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